Barber chair

A barber chair is a chair for customers to a barber or hairdresser.

The chairs usually have adjustable height (with a foot-operated jack or a hand operated lever on the side). It can also rotate, or lean backwards (for hairwashing). They are normally made from metal and leather and are usually pretty heavy.

Barber chairs in engravings from the Civil War era share many features with modern chairs, including high seating, upholstery, and a footrest.[1] The first factory-manufactured chairs date to around 1850.[1] The first one-piece reclining barber chair with an attached footrest was patented in 1878[2] by the Archer Company of Saint Louis.[1][3] Archer quickly followed it with a chair that raised and lowered mechanically. Eugene Berninghaus of Cincinnati improved on Archer's design with the first reclining and revolving chair, the Paragon.[1] Theodore Koch of Chicago incorporated all of these innovations into his chairs, selling more than 35,000 chairs in the period before 1885.[1]

In 1897, Samuel Kline (of the Kline Chair Company)[4][5] patented a chair[6] and filed a patent infringement lawsuit against Theodore Koch in 1905 (but was overturned).[7] In 1904, Kline filed a patent for an "adjustable chair" which was granted in 1907.[8]

In 1900, Ernest Koken, a German immigrant, created a hydraulic-operated chair and also patented the "joystick" side lever, which allowed a barber to control all the mechanical functions.[1][3]

In the late 1950s, US-based barber chair manufactures sold about 10,000 chairs a year to the 100,000 barber shops.[9] Chicago-based Emil J. Paidar Company was a leading manufacturer of barber chairs in the late 1950s Belmont was and American Barber Chair Company from 1948 to 1956 which chair were spinoffs from the Koken Chair. Starting in 1957,Belmont joined Osaka, Japan's Takara Belmont Company began importing almost exact duplicates of Paidar chairs--at 20%-30% less cost.[9] By 1970, Takara had 70% of the US market, beating out Paidar who once held the same amount.[9]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f Do bald men get half-price haircuts?: in search of Americas' great barbershops, Vince Staten, Simon and Schuster, 2001, p. 95, 176pp, ISBN 9780684867458 (retrieved 16 August 2010 from Google Books)
  2. ^ 1873 according to patent #D6648, DESIGN FOR BARBERS AND DENTISTS CHAIRS, George W. and Robert W. Archer, issued 13 May 1873 (retrieved 17 August 2010 at Google Patents)
  3. ^ a b Where Men Hide, James B. Twitchell, Ken Ross; Columbia University Press, 2008, pp. 110-1, 248pp, ISBN 9780231137355 (retrieved 16 August 2010 from Google Books)
  4. ^ Advertisement, The Barbers' Journal, Volumes 13, Number 1, Journeymen Barbers' International Union of America, January 1902 (retrieved 2 September 2010 from Google Books)
  5. ^ Genealogical and Personal Memorial of Mercer County, New Jersey, Volume 1, Francis Bazley Lee (editor), Lewis Publishing Company, 1907, p. 292-3 (retrieved 2 September 2010 from Google Books)
  6. ^ Design for a chair, Samuel Kline, patent #D26623, filed 20 October 1896, granted 9 February 1897
  7. ^ Kline Chair Co. v. Theo. A Kochs & Son et al., The Federal Reporter: Cases argued and determined in the circuit and district courts of the United States, Volume 138, West Publishing Company, 1905 (retrieved 2 September 2010 from Google Books)>
  8. ^ Adjustable chair, Samuel Kline, patent #862565, filed 20 July 1904, granted 6 August 1907
  9. ^ a b c Japan: The Great Barber-Chair Coup, Time, 10 August 1970 (retrieved 17 August 2010)